|
Intrauterine Devices (IUD)
The Intrauterine Devices (IUD) are another method for long term birth
control. IUDs are small, "T-shaped" contraceptive devices made of flexible
plastic and often have copper wire or copper sleeves on them. It is inserted
into a woman's vagina through her uterus. IUDs are available by prescription
only. The Intrauterine Devices are considered as one of the most effective
reversible method of birth control. But, it is very important to remember
that the IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
Use a latex or female condom with the IUD to reduce the risk of infection.
How IUD Works?
It works by preventing sperm from joining with an egg by affecting the
way they move. The hormone in Mirena increases effectiveness. It thickens
cervical mucus, which provides a barrier that prevents sperm from entering
the uterus. It also prevents some women's ovaries from releasing eggs.
How Long Is An IUD Effective?
It depends on the kind your doctor prescribed to you. There are two types
of IUDs available in the United States. The copper IUD can remain in your
body as long as 10 years. The hormonal IUD needs to be replaced every
5 years. Your doctor can remove either of these at any time if you decide
to get pregnant or if you no longer want to use it.
Advantages:
- They are very effective long-term prevention of pregnancy. Long lasting,
the most widely used IUD (outside China), the Tcu-380A, lasts at least
10 years.
- No interference with sex.
- As there is no need to worry about pregnancy, you can get full sexual
enjoyment.
- One of the most effective reversible methods of birth control.
- The ability to become pregnant returns quickly when IUD use is stopped.
Disadvantages:
- Does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STD) like
HIV/AIDS.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is more likely to follow STD infection
if a woman uses an IUD. PID can lead to infertility.
- Occasionally, the IUD can partially or completely slip out of the
uterus. It is more likely among younger women and women who have never
had a baby. If it happens, a woman can become pregnant. If partially
expelled, the IUD must be removed.
- Side effects like longer and heavier menstrual periods, bleeding or
spotting between periods and more cramps or pain during periods can
occur.
- If the IUD is not properly inserted, perforation (piercing) of the
wall of the uterus can occur.
|